Condenser for refrigerating units



Oct. 22, 1935.

M. R. KARGE CONDENSER FOR REFRIGERATING UNITS Original Filed April 16,1932 nnmulrm mun" 6 ATTORNE Patented Oct. 22, 1935 UNlTED STATES PATENTOFFICE Original application April 16, 1932, Serial No. 605,682. Dividedand this application May 15, 1934, Serial No. 725,680

'7 Claims. (01. 25743) This invention relates to the construction ofrefrigerating units and especially to that of the condenser thereof andhas for one of its objects to provide a condenser construction which issimple in construction, efficient in operation and is built up ofinterchangeable parts.

Another object of this invention is to so construct the condenser thatits capacity may be increased by simply increasing the length of some ofthe parts thereof.

A further object of this invention is to build up the condenser in sucha manner that its heads provide a base for the condenser as well as thecompressor units and motor drive of the refrigerating unit.

Another object of the invention is to provide the condenser withrectangularly shaped heads so that fabricated steel members can be usedfor connecting the heads at the top of the condenser and thus provide abase on which the compressor and its driving motor is mounted.

All these and other objects and attendant advantages will become morereadily apparent from the detailed description of the invention whichfollows, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which Figure1 is a side elevation. of a refrigerating unit embodying the novelcondenser construction with parts of the condenser broken away andillustrated in section.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the head at one end of thecondenser and taken on the line 2r2a; of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View of the condenser taken on the line3a:3a: of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the other head of the condenserand taken on the line Gar-4x of Figure 1.

In the several figures of the drawing like reference numerals indicatelike parts.

This application is a division of my prior application Serial No.605,682 filed April 16, 1932 (which has matured into Patent 1,969,137)and the subject matter of the invention disclosed herein is restrictedto the novel construction of the condenser of the refrigerating unit.

As illustrated in the figures of the drawing the condenser of therefrigerating unit is made up of a cylinder I, the ends of which projectinto the annular grooves 2 and 3 of the rectangularly shaped heads 4 and5 respectively. These heads are connected on the outside of the cylinderby the tie rods 6, I, and 9 and are drawn against the ends of thecylinder by means of the nuts I0, I0, a suitable packing being providedin the annular grooves to form a tight joint between the cylinder andthe heads thereof.

The cooling tubes I I pass thru the cylinder and its heads and areanchored and sealed in the heads by means of the bushings I2 which arethreaded to the ends of the cooling tubes and compress the packingsurrounding the ends of the tubes in the enlarged outer portion of theholes in the heads thru which the tubes project. The ends of the tubesare thus sealed into the heads 10 and provide individual passages thruthe cylinder from one end to the other.

Held clamped to the outside of the heads 4 and 5 are the auxiliary headsI3 and I4 respectively, These auxiliary heads are drawn toward eachother and against the outside of the heads 4 and 5 by means of the tierods I5 which pass thru the center of the cooling tubes I I and thrusuitable holes in the auxiliary heads. A suitable packing is interposedbetween each head and its auxiliary head and the nuts I6 are threaded tothe ends of the tie rods I5 on the outside of the auxiliary heads todraw the auxiliary heads against the cylinder heads proper to compressthe packing between the heads and seal the joint 5 between them.

The hollow portion of the auxiliary head I I is divided into an upperand lower compartment by means of the central horizontal partition I1and the hollow portion of the auxiliary head I3 is divided into anupper, lower and central compartment by means of two parallel horizontalpartitions I8 and I9. In the auxiliary head I3 the partitions arearranged so that one end of the lowermost of the cooling tubes II islocated in 5 -the lower compartment, the corresponding ends of the fourintermediate tubes in the central compartment and the corresponding endof the uppermost tube in the upper compartment.

In the auxiliary head 14 the single central partition is arranged sothat the opposite ends of the three lower cooling tubes II are locatedin the lower compartment thereof while the corresponding ends of thethree upper cooling tubes are located in the upper compartment thereof.

The cooling water enters the auxiliary head I3 thru the inlet 20 and thewater passes from the lower compartment of this head thru the lowermostcooling tube I I into the lower compartment of the head I4. From thiscompartment in the head I4 the cooling water flows back to the centralcompartment in the head I3 thru the lower pair of the central coolingtubes and from this central compartment back to the upper compartment inthe head I4 thru the upper pair of the central cooling tubes. From theupper compartand'forth in the cooling tubes ll Within the cylinder i ofthe condenser. The passage of the cooling water thru the cooling tubesis restricted by the tie rods IE, but the cooling efficiency of theamount of condensing ater which passes thru the cooling tubes is held toa maximum by spreading the reduced volume of the condensing water overthe inside of theperiphery of the cooling tubes to cause a quickabsorption of the heat of the gases within the cylinder,

The compressor is connected with the cylinder I by means of the pipeline 24 which enters the condenser cylinder i at the top to dischargethe compressed refrigerant thereinto. The refrigerant, after beingcondensed, leaves the condenser thru the outlet 25.

The straight bottom of the rectangularly shaped heads 2 and 3 of thecondenser provide the base therefor and at the same time serve assuppcrt'mg members for the compressor and its motor drive. For thislatter purpose the heads support the channel member 26 at the top suchprising a tubular shell, 2, head having an annular groove on the insidethereof at each end of 7 said shell to have the end of said shell engageinto said grooves, tie rods extending thru said heads and said tubularshell with the ends of said tubular shell nested into said annulargrooves, condenser tubes passing thru said head and said tubular shelland encircling said tie rods andsuitably spaced from them, bushingsthreaded on the outside of said condenser tubes to fasten the ends ofsaid tubesto said heads, and auxiliary heads on the outside of saidheads and connected with each other by said tie rods to clamp saidauxiliary heads against said first menheads to the other thereof toclamp said heads to said tubular shell with the ends thereof nested intosaid annular grooves, condenser tubes passing thru said head and saidtubular shell, bushings threaded on the outside of said condenser tubesto fasten the ends of said tubes to said heads, auxiliary hollow headson the outside of said first named heads, partitions dividing the hollowspace in said heads into compartments, tie rods passing thru saidcondenser tubes. and said heads and means carried by said tie rods todraw said auxiliary heads against said first named heads with thecompartments in said 10 heads forming the connection between the ends ofconsecutive vertically spaced condenser tubes, said tie rods in saidcondenser tubes restricting the passage of condensing water between theouter surface of said tie rods and the inner surface of said condensertubes to increase the cooling effect of the water on the condensertubes.

'3. A condenser for refrigerating units comprising a tubular shell, ahead at each endof said shell, tie rods'connecting said heads on theoutside of said shell, cooling tubes extending thru said heads and theshell, auxiliary heads covering the ends of said cooling tubes and tierods extending centrally thru cooling tubes to fasten 7 auxiliary headsto the heads proper.

4. A condenser for refrigerating units comprising a tubular shell, ahead at each end of said shell, tie rods clamping said heads to saidshell, auxiliary heads on the outside of said heads having compartmentsformed therein and coola ing tubes surrounding said tie rods extendingfrom the compartments in said auxiliary heads and arranged to have thecooling water flow back and forth from one auxiliary head to the otherthru said shell.

5. In a condenser for refrigerating units the combination of a tubularshell having a head at each end thereof, cooling tubes extending thrusaid heads and shell and a rod located centrally in said tubes andextending thru the ends thereof 0 to cause a limited but unrestrictedflow of we.- ter'thru said tubes to contact a maximum area of the insideof thetubes. I I

6. In a condenser for refrigerating units the combination of a tubularshell, a removable head clamped to each end of said shell, a flat bottomon each of said heads to provide a base for said condenser between them,a smaller. auxiliary head on the outside of each of said first mentionedheads and means for clamping said auxiliary 5 heads against said firstmentioned heads and said first mentioned heads against the ends of saidshell.

'7. In a condenser for refrigerating units the combination of a tubularshell, a removable head 5;"

clamped to each'end of said shell, a'fiat bottom on each of said headsto provide a base for said condenser between them, a flat connectingmember connecting said heads at the top to fasten said heads togetherand provide a supporting base above said shell the full length of saidshell.

' MAXWELL R. KARGE.

